Film Making
Learn Basics to Becoming a Film Maker
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Start With a Good Story
To begin with, in a nutshell, filmmaking is broken down into three parts. Pre-production,
Production, and Post-production. Distribution is the last part, way down on the timeline
and doesn’t come into play until everything is in the can. However, if you are ever going
to get to distribution you will need to spend a great deal of time in the Pre-production
phase. There are times when you don’t have that luxury, especially if you are shooting
on the fly, but more often than not a film can take years to make. This can keep it in the
Pre-production process much longer.
If I was to write about filmmaking, and I am (wink), I guess I would have to start with the
script, story, or concept. Screenwriting is usually split into three different styles. They
are: narrative (linear), non-linear, and documentary. Narrative stories follow a timeline
taking the story from beginning and moving chronologically to the end.
Non-linear is the opposite of chronological. An example of a non-linear is the movie
“Momento” or “Pulp Fiction”. These directors chopped up time and used time
sequencing to throw the viewer off balance. While non-linear has gained popularity, it
seems that the narrative film is the more enduring style. It is much more difficult for
folks to figure out what is going on in the non-linear format, that may be one of the
reasons it is used.
The third format would simply be, documentary. This is a real-time reality presentation
letting the facts present themselves with little or no direction or editing. Documentary is
different from Narrative in that the director works to keep from manipulating the
production as little as possible. Narrative film is all about the director manipulating a
scene to illicit certain reactions from the viewer, therein lies the difference between the
two.
Depending on the story you are telling, you will choose the best format to use. While the
narrative and linear may have traditional scripting, you may have to refer to an interview
script in the documentary format. This may simply be a list of questions to be asked,
usually by an off camera interviewer, allowing the subject/talent to drive the dialog.
Many times there is no real dialog to script except for the questions an interviewer will
ask. Much of documentary film is done by showing up and filming things as they are
happening with some narration to explain to the viewer what they are watching.
There was a type of documentary films referred to Cinema Verit . This means “cinema
truth” in French and of course was made popular by the French in the 1950’s. This was
done as an effort to remove artifice from film to allow a more truthful depiction of a
story.
In Verit the camera is to be merely set up and turned on. Additionally there is to be as
little editing as possible. The theory being that even the act of editing a film is
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manipulating the true representation of what is really (truthfully) happening. Hey, these
guys would have loved Reality TV, but at the time (1950’s) Verit was considered cutting
edge.
So now you need an idea, a concept, an inspiration. If you want to make film you have to
have a story or two in you, so if you don’t already have a story itching to get out, then
you need to brainstorm. The word brainstorm means that your brain puts out, literally, a
storm of energy with all the ideas pouring out like swollen rain gutters.
This will happen somewhere after your first cup of coffee on a Sunday morning or in the
shower, maybe even on a street corner. You got into the idea of filmmaking because to
some extent you must be a creative person. So, I recommend lots of caffeine and your
favorite conditions for daydreaming.
Your most comfortable chair, and a good computer are always good, but inspiration can
come at inconvenient times when you are away from the comfort of your own computer
and desk. Always have something to write with and a piece of paper handy in case of the
“writing rapture” or sudden inspiration.
Another way to handle this is to have a small tape recorder or a voice recognition
software. There are several inexpensive MP3 players that play/store music as well as
letting you record. These will have a small microphone already in the device. Use this to
get your ideas down.
When you are in the grocery store or just crossing the street it is a good idea to be able to
get it (your inspired ideas) down before it leaks back out of your ear. I swear from the
crosswalk to the car I can forget an idea, that is how scattered my brain is. If however, all
you are left to write down your ideas with is a purple crayon and an old piece of paper,
well then, just go with it.
It is always nice to have a partner in the writing process. Actually, it is good to have a
partner through the whole production process. Ben Affleck and Matt Damon are the
most notable partnership that comes to mind. Having each other to bounce ideas off of
can make things happen quicker and it is a hell of a lot more fun.
Dialog is not done in a vacuum. Someone has to write it and someone has to say it, then
someone has to hear it. This is a symbiotic relationship, each part depending on the
other, hence the need for a partnership of some sort to use as a sounding board.
The most exciting time for me in the whole screenwriting process is to have taken a class
in writing screenplays and to have a panel reading in that class. Everyone in the class has
to pick a scene from their screenplay and have a panel of people read it aloud to an
audience consisting of the rest of the class.
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All participants in the class have an opportunity to be the author, the actor and the
audience each in their own turn. After the reading, each student’s script is discussed.
This has got to be one of the best experiences in writing I have ever had especially for
writing comedy.
In comedy, you know immediately if you’ve got winning dialog just by whether you get
the laugh or not. Not everyone can achieve this so don’t be discouraged if you don’t get
a laugh. That is what your group can help you figure out afterward, this is where the
brainstorming comes in. Comedy is difficult to write. You have to have a good sense of
timing. It seems with comedy, you either have a gift for it or you don’t.
The trick here is to do these group readings regularly with a line of progression
happening in the film writing process. The idea is to have a whole screenplay at the end
of it all. It doesn’t matter if it is two people or a whole group of people, but do meet with
your partners, meet regularly and do your writing in between. At the end of a few
months you will have something to show for your efforts.
It’s all in the rewrite. Rewriting will be the Bain of your existence as a writer but you
will eventually find out that it is a process that pays off greatly in the end. Additionally,
you will want to save your drafts from each rewrite because you may want to refer to
them later, so try to keep each version complete. I suggest making files expressly for
your different drafts and you may want to keep these and all your writing in a safe place.
Make back-up copies on a Thumb drive or disk and keep that in a safe place in case
something happens, like your computer crashing.
Once you have it on paper, tell your story to you parents, your wife, your kids, your sister
or brother, your best friend and just about anybody that knows you intimately. Observe
their reactions. If they are negative don’t worry, move onto telling a friend or someone
else that may be more objective.
Be careful how you tell your story because you are not in the business of giving away
your ideas for free however, do tell it or parts of it and see how people react. You do not
tell stories or write screenplays in a vacuum. You must want at some level to please the
public, therefore you must have some sort of an arena for you to gage how effective your
story is.
I wrote a screenplay for class and I felt very passionate about it. I was very excited to
hear what would happen after it was read by a panel of students in my class. The reaction
to the reading was a split, one half of the class loved it and the other half had a big
reaction to it. It made them uncomfortable and they didn’t like it. They all had loud
opinions about the script.
At first I was very worried but then the teacher finally had his word with the class on
their split opinion. He told them that my screenplay was effective. Not necessarily
because everyone liked it, but because it had people on both sides of the issue reacting
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and talking, this caused them to engage in a dialog about the issues that the film brought
out.
The teacher told the class that it didn’t matter what they said, at least they were all
talking. I thought it sounded a bit like “all press it good, even bad press”, but he seemed
to think that this was a good indicator of how my script would be received. After I
thought about it I saw that he had a point.
When the movie “Monster’s Ball” came out I heard what people said around me about it.
There were those that just did not like it and there were those that thought the sex in the
movie was just gross, yada, yada, yada. I, however, saw the sex as an integral part of the
film. While the act of Hallie Barry having sex right after the death of her son was
considered an irreverent and inappropriate one, it was also seen by other’s as very honest
and very human and life affirming.
Most importantly, it had people talking and you can’t ask for better press that that. Hallie
Barry needed this vehicle to punch her through to the success she gained in being the first
Black Woman to win an Oscar. She would not have made it through with a role that was
written limp-wristed. It had to have an edge to it. The old Hollywood formula of
screenwriting has changed.
There are some that still prefer a good conflict neatly resolved at the end of the story but
there is now an equal share of the market going to those that write about stories that do
not have nice neat resolutions to them. These are the movies that are meant to be
unsettling and make you ask “now what did they mean by that?” So whatever you story
happens to be, just tell it.
When you are out observing people at someplace like the mall, notice their movements
and expressions. If they are talking, listen shamelessly to what they are saying. If it is
interesting you won’t be able to help yourself. Use it in your screenplay. This type of
observing can help you to make your sketches for the characters in your script.
There can be several triggers to get the script out on the page. Do character development
borrowing from you own environment. Your story can spring up from a well-developed
character sketch, or perhaps a story can be found in the location. Certainly location can
drive many things in the script. Time period can also drive a screenplay. While many a
script is written in the present, there are those that are written in the past or even in the
future. This can determine many different factors in your story.
All of these elements of story development are used when creating your character’s backstory.
The back-story consists of the details of life prior to your character in the here and
now. The back-story can make your character more three dimensional, more real. The
back-story provides the character’s motivations as well.
You might think writing a back-story to be a waste of time, but you will find yourself
referring to it again and again. While this may not prove to be useful for the present film
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you are working on, many a sequel has been built off of the back-story to the original
film. You will also refer to the back-story because it may give you motivations and keep
you consistent with your “facts” so the continuity of the script is not compromised.
Scriptwriters for screen and television have very specific formats for their scripts. This is
something that you should study before you actually submit a completed script. If you
are working off of your own script for production you generally don’t have to worry
about the form being perfect, but if you submit it to the studio or their representatives
then keep as close to the expected format as you can.
I hate the red pen. They even call it “red-lining” a script. If you are fortunate to shop
your film and get it picked up by a studio then you may have to deal with the red pen
used to hack your original story into more of what the studio thinks it should be. This is
the main reason that Independent film has grown like wildfire. The artist can maintain
the integrity of his screenplay with no major changes to the script.
It is important to remember that there is a distinct difference between writing for film and
writing for television. Television, although it has expanded, it still in the box and on the
small screen. Television is dialog driven while film is not. It is not necessary to have
dialog in a film for a story to be told. So when writing for Film, understand that there is a
difference.
It has been said that the test of a good film is to watch it with the sound turned off. You
should be able to follow the story just by the movement of the film. None of that talking
head stuff works in film the way it does in TV. One can easily write for both Film and
Television but you have to keep in mind that they are 2 very different mediums.
If you are used to watching TV or you have written for TV you will be expecting dialog
rich scripting, but with film be careful with your use of dialog. When writing for film,
remember not to write too many stage directions as this is the director’s job and they get
a little fussy about that.
There are many sound elements to write from. Some of these are: the ambient sound in
the film environment, the musical soundtrack, the character dialog, or voice over
narration. These are all elements that can be written into the script like dialog. They tell
the story just as effectively as straight dialog.
There is screenwriting software available with the templates already in place for you to
plug in your script. Shop and see what is out there, but at the least try to get a book on
how this is done. Upon further research I found a site to help out. Lester Crombie from
the Queensland School of Film and Television has kindly made available a simple
template for download.
Put “Lester Crombie ” in Google or the search engine of your choice and he has for
download a very simple template for screenwriting and also a download for a manual in
PDF file format. There are software packages out there that are costly… about $100 but
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this one should get you started. Personally I feel you don’t need all the bells and
whistles, just a basic template that you can use to plug your screenplay into.
One of the things that can drive you crazy is worrying about getting “it” just right.
Writing dialog can be challenging in that a natural flow will need to happen. Audiences
will be turned off by stiff and phony sounding dialog. While that is the ultimate goal, you
may have to rewrite a line several times to achieve this.
It is ironic that you have to work so hard to make it sound natural but this is important.
However, that can all be changed and reworked later, first just get what comes out of
your mind down on paper. If you sit and look at a computer screen for hours and type
nothing you will never start.
There are a few simple things that all full-length screenplays have in common. They will
all have the same length. The Hollywood movie has gone with the same formula for
many years and it is still the standard by which most screenwriters all write.
A typical screenplay will have 120 pages. It will consist of 3 acts separated into 30 pages
for each act. Each page of scripting represents about 1 minute of screen time with the
majority of films running between 90 and 120 minutes.
As a first film it may be easier for you to write a short film. There are many short films
that have really wonderful stories that can’t be told in 90 minutes. This gives the short
film a chance to be made. This is a great opportunity for you to make your first film.
Short films can be good for the first time filmmaker for a number of reasons.
The first reason in favor of producing a short film is that you have a greater chance of
having your film being completed. A short film is manageable on a low budget and the
financing of your film will assuredly be the biggest stumbling block. Producing a 60
second Public Service Announcement seemed like it should be easy, but you have no idea
how long 60 seconds can be. I do because I had to produce a 60 PSA for a station I once
worked for. My advice is to try the short film first, as a matter of fact, do a couple before
moving on to a feature length.
Also in the beginning you will have to depend on the good graces of your actors and
crew. A short film is a good way to have your actors in and out quickly so they don’t get
peevish about their time spent. You never know when you might need them for the next
film. The most important thing you need to remember to budget is food service. You
must feed your people or they will revolt. The one thing you want is to keep your talent
and crew happy.
When you have, for the most part, finished your script and wish to share it with others it
is recommended that you write a treatment. A treatment is a short description of your
screenplay outlining what the story is about. Treatments consist of 3 or 4 pages and each
page represents one act of your screenplay. They can be a bit longer but no more than an
extra page or two.
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The treatment has to be the best of your screenplay and it must be written in a very clever
way. This is what you show around to garner interest in your screenplay. Show the
treatment to your mom and dad, your sister and brother, your best friend, and maybe even
your instructor at school. While they are offering advice you have a chance to gage their
reactions, and decide if these responses are what you want from your viewing audience.
Listen to their feedback and make whatever necessary script changes that may come to
your attention.
Call this group of people that you share with your “Core Group”. This group has to be
people your trust. Not necessarily your mom or dad, but people that you are sure of in
your trust of them. It is a difficult thing to have to discuss and while it would be nicer to
pretend it doesn’t happen, there are those people out there that will steal your work. Read
up on how to protect your ideas before you put them out there on Front Street.
Look up copyrighting your work on the Internet. You will probably find an example of
the “Poor Man’s Copyright” as one of the ways of protecting your work. Maybe one of
your classmates suggested you use this method, but I would advise against it. Instead
register your screenplay with the Writer’s Guild of America.
Next send away for a copy of the application for copyright (Application Form PA) at the
following address:
Register of Copyrights, Copyright Office
Library of Congress
Washington, DC 20559
Don’t be foolish and let this one go unchecked. It doesn’t cost much to at least register
copyright on your screenplay. As you move forward with your production you may need
to revise your copyright to extend to other aspects of the production but at least register it
with the Copyright Office and the Writer’s Guild in the beginning.
Once you have done this you can move forward with shopping your script if that is what
you want to do. One thing that you must remember though is that once you sell your
screenplay or enter negotiations to do so, it might be necessary for you to compromise. If
the producer and director decide to, they can cut your film or rewrite it to the point that it
may not even resemble what you originally wrote. Avoid the red pen by making your
own film any way you can.
Let’s Take a Meeting
If you are making your film yourself without the benefit of traditional backing you will
probably find yourself writing, producing and acting in your own film. But that is not to
say that you won’t need help. You will have to be completely active in all phases of the
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production. Such are the joys of the independent filmmaker. However, you will need
help. You will need other actors, sound people (someone has to hold that boom), camera
operators, and so on.
If you are in school studying film you have a perfect group of people to draw from to get
your film made. It is a “you scratch my back, I scratch yours” situation. Students help
each other to get their films made. Each of us has a specific talent and we can contribute
that to the production at hand. If you are not in school you may have to convince your
friends to help you with your film. It shouldn’t be too difficult because it is exciting to be
involved with making a film.
Of course you can’t get all the help you need from you friends and family. You will have
to go with associates that have the same desire to make film that you do. This means you
have to find social events that allow you to network with others that have a similar
interest in film. Networking is going to be important from start to finish with the
production of you film. It would be wise to make a business card with your contact
information on it, maybe even make your own website.
Make contact lists of people you might be able to gain assistance from in the various
fields of expertise. It doesn’t matter if this is you first film or you 21st. You may begin to
use the same people as you learn whom you work best with. Some of the disciplines you
may need are: electricians, carpenters, camera operators, audio engineers, make-up
artists, set designers, locations scouts, script supervisors, costumers, publicists, and
finally craft people for your food service.
Once you make a list of these contacts remember to keep careful track of them. Make
copies of contact lists stored in a number of places. It will make you crazy if your
computer crashes and all the info for your crew is on it, so make back up contact lists.
You may learn to live without some of these positions on the production of your film, but
chances are you will be picking up the slack for that position. You may find yourself
directing a film and doing make-up or wardrobe at the same time. Multi-tasking is the
name of the game and you get better at it as you go along.
Many new filmmakers are actually in film school and they use what and who they have
available to them. This means working with people that may be a little flaky in their
punctuality. However, each filmmaker has their own film that they want to make and
they will give you good work with the expectation that they will get it in return on their
film.
Again, one thing you might consider is this; if you are not in film school perhaps you
should go. In film school you have the equipment and facilities made available to you as
long as you are a matriculated student. My school had a $900,000 per year budget for
equipment for students to use. We had sound mixing booths and editing suites available
to us 24/7.
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Once you have people that have agreed to work with you on your film you can set up
production meetings in order to plan for the actual production or shoot. The success of
your shooting schedule will depend on how effectively you have planned the shoot in
your production meetings. Make notes prior to your meeting to make sure all necessary
business is covered. Try to make the meeting stay focused on the business at hand
instead of visiting and shooting the breeze with everyone attending the meeting.
If you have people working for you and they are doing this out of the goodness of their
hearts, it is always necessary to keep them fed and watered. It is the least you can do for
another artist so make sure you always have food and beverages available for your crew
at meetings and during the production.
It is advisable that you keep liquor out of these meetings as it undermines the
professionalism of your group and impedes the flow of work. This is not to say that the
group may not ever celebrate by having a drink or two together, but it is hard to keep the
crew focused if drinking is allowed during shooting. On studio shoots it is absolutely
forbidden due to Union rules and insurance requirements for continued coverage.
Once you have a crew assembled then post your first production meeting. In your
meeting, tell your group what your vision of the film is and open a discussion about how
they can help to make that happen. Assign crew positions and make a shooting schedule.
Then split your group into 2 separate groups, crew and actors. Schedule readings of the
script so everyone gets to run through their lines and so you can give them your direction.
The actors must have an opportunity to meet with the director to determine what is
expected from them once the camera is rolling. This will help your actors to arrive
prepared and ready to work without you having to stop them as much for direction. Next
a separate meeting should be made with your crew. You will need to discuss equipment,
location, set design, sound, lighting, and any other production issues that may come up.
You will need story boards and a shot list sheets to hand out. Have your crew study them
with enough time available before the shoot to bring up any obstacles that need to be
cleared for the shoot. Schedule enough time on rehersals and fittings to be approved by
the director prior to the shoot.
Whoever has worked on scouting the location needs to speak to everyone about the
logistics of the location you will be shooting the film at. The location will need to be
accessible prior to the shoot so that light readings can be taken and electrical
requirements can be determined.
There are books out there that are written that could be used as guides for picking the
right location. Refer to them please as this is an area that is going to be totally foreign to
you if you are in any way creative. You have to make sure details are arranged like,
parking being arranged, access to unload equipment, restroom access, food craft area setup,
signed releases, maintenance of the location, location clean-up etc. ad naseum.
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In my case I had a group of buildings that were houses from the 40’s that were
abandoned and in a state of complete disrepair. They were cool and very spooky looking.
I didn’t want to go in them I just wanted to shoot on the street in front of them. I
procrastinated and they tore them down. Boy was I upset about that.
Do You Have a Good Eye?
My first experiences with production school, was with a fully manual camera. What a
dinosaur that was, but oh, the pictures I could take. I learned how to used depth of field
and how to push and pull focus. These are terms you should make note of and study.
Using a manual lens taught me just what I could do with a camera. Now I have a very
expensive digital camera but my roots are definitely in film.
We have grown accustomed to the digital crispness of the image we get with digital and
find film to be hazy and lacking focus. Film can create amazing shadows, especially in
black and white but the cost of film and processing is absolutely impossible for a
filmmaker just starting out, to get a film completed. If you have the luxury of using film
you can play around with it but eventually it will be transferred to digital so you can edit
your sound and image
I have shot on film and I have shot on tape and I have to report that both have their
merits. In the end the project will dictate which you will use. In film school I used a
funky little Super 8 camera and shot on black and white reversal film. Basically it was
like shooting to a positive instead of a negative. The quality was bad and the lighting was
a challenge but I managed to make a really decent abstract film journal.
The processing was terribly expensive yet once I got the footage back I was excited
beyond belief. I used a funky little viewing box with a hand crank and made lists where I
wanted my cuts in the celluloid. I wrote them down and hung them up in the order I was
going to edit. The next thing you do is, splice the pieces together with tape. Then you
put the splice with the tape on it, in a small machine that that punches neat holes in the
splice where the holes are on the side of their film.
Editing real film, as in celluloid, is a great experience and I will always value it, but I
have since learned how much easier it is to just shoot and edit in digital. Believe me, I
was a die hard film user until I got tired of all the money it cost, and shooting digital is so
immediate. There are a number of reasonable priced video cameras on the market that
you can use when you start shooting.
Equipment List
The following is a basic list of equipment you will need. This is a bare minimum list but
this should get you started.
Camera
1 digital camera
Extra Battery or Power Source
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25 ft. & 50 ft. Power Cords
Monitor with headphones
Small Dry Marker Board to Use As Scene Marker
Sound
Headphones (2 or 3)
DAT – (Digital Audio Tape)
Microphones:
2 Lapel Mics (Lavaliers)
1 Shotgun
1 Omni
1 Battery Operated Reporter’s Mic
1 Directional Mic with Pedestal (for narration)
Boom (2)
Windshield (for boom and mic)
Gaffer’s Tape – 1 or 2 rolls
Lighting
3 Lights – 1 large, 2 small
3 Light Stands
25 ft. & 50 ft. Power Cords
White Bounce Cords
Gauzy Material for Diffuser
Binder Clips – Small, Medium, & Large
Stands For Diffuser
One thing is certain, in the list of equipment you will need, the camera is the most
important. A very durable camera that has been recommended is the Samsung VP
X220L camcorder with an external lens. This camera was used on the Jack Ass Movie
and you know how physical the shooting got on that film. You should be able to get this
camera for $800. I only found one of these for sale from a UK website, but there are
many other cameras to be had.
The best thing to do is to go shopping and try out cameras. Try them out to see what kind
of picture you get. See if the zoom is as strong as you need. Once you find one that you
like and can get a decent price on it, check and see what kind of warrantees there are on
the camera. If purchased from a camera shop there are protection plans that will replace
the camera if damaged and give regular cleanings for your equipment. It is important to
keep all your paperwork on file for this, as with all your equipment.
In 15 years of using cameras I have seen the technology change vastly. A camera that
you buy today will be archaic by next year. The top cameras coming out now are
amazing. The Grass Valley Viper Film Stream Camera TM shoots completely without
videotape, or compression. Your images are recorded directly to a removable hard drive
that goes from the camera to the computer. Talk about cool!
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This camera was used in the film Zodiac and the clarity of image is amazing. This film is
technical genius and you must see it. David Finchner is the director of the film and he
worked with the creators of this camera to shoot the first film done entirely with the
Viper. This image is so clear you can see how many pores are on the guy’s face.
This is the future in cameras and while it is too rich for our pockets now, there are
perfectly acceptable cameras you can use in the meantime. Try out any camera before
you buy it. Handle it in the store and take test footage. Make the salesman work for his
paycheck and ask him a million questions if you have to.
When you start shooting you will have to be familiar with the various types of shots. The
following is a list of the shots and the abbreviations that are used on shot sheets.
EWS – Extreme Wide Shot
Shot so wide the subject can’t even be seen. This is also used as an establishing shot
which is used in the beginning of every film..
VWS – Very Wide Shot
Subject or object can barely be seen but is still placed in the frame.
WS – Wide Shot
The subject fills full frame, much the same as a long shot. Takes in the whole person
from the bottom to the top of the frame.
MS - Mid-shot
Subject is closer with more detail but frame still has the whole subject. The subject will
fill the frame with this shot.
MCU – Medium Close-Up
Midway shot between Mid-shot and close-up.
CU – Close-Up
Face of actor fills the frame.
ECU – Extreme Close-Up
Shot gets in and shows extreme detail.
CA – Cutaway
Shot other than the subject, away from the main action.
CI – Cut-In
This is a view of some part of the subject in detail. Example: CU of hands shaking and
wringing in anxiety and worry.
Two-Shot
An easy shot of two people framed equally in a mid-shot.
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OSS – Over the Shoulder Shot (or Cross-Shot)
Shot taken over the shoulder of someone aimed at the subject.
POV – Point of View Shot
Show the subjects view or perspective. Example: POV shot of hands on a computer
keyboard.
There are also terms for camera movement and there are just a few that are used
repeatedly. They are as follows:
Pan
This is a horizontal camera move across the screen. Also used is the term Swish Pan.
This is a camera movement that is a pan done so quickly that the picture blurs until it
stops and stabilizes. Frequently a swish pan is used to hide the cut in the editing process.
In a comedy film the swish pan comes with it’s own sound, which has been used in shows
like “Malcolm in the Middle”.
Dolly
A dolly is a cart on wheels that has mounts for the camera. Track is laid down to the
specifications of the shot and the camera is dollied down the track for the shot. A dolly
shot refers to movement in and out of the frame moving closer or further away from an
object in the frame.
Tracking
Refers to a dolly movement that crosses the screen.
Tilt
A camera tilt is simply what it says. It is a panning movement but instead of across the
screen it will be an up and down movement.
This should account for most of your camera directions. You will see these terms used in
screenplays and you will use these terms in writing your own script. When you have
access to your camera you should practice all these moves in order to be familiar with
them when you are filming.
Once you have your camera purchased and you are ready to start shooting, you will need
a few other pieces of equipment to get you going. While you will want to “carry” your
camera when you shoot, it is advisable to use a tri-pod for most of your work.
One thing you will want to do is assign someone to carry a camera and take the
production stills. Shooting production photos can be done by anyone in the crew. These
shots are a sort of tradition on the set and it is a good idea to get production shots. They
do have practical uses though, the photos show the crew at their jobs with the actors and
sometimes they are helpful to recall the way a shot was set up.
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Most cameras out there at this time have great stabilization already built in, but the fact of
the matter is that when zooming in for a close-up and then holding the shot, shake can
happen. Not using a tripod allows for a great deal of “shake” with the camera. This will
compromise the quality of your shots.
You can avoid blurry, jumpy, static shots by using the tri-pod. They are frequently
referred to as “sticks”. For your filming purposes you will need to get a tri-pod that has a
“fluid head”. This is a head on the top of the tri-pod where you mount the camera, and its
purpose is to make panning and trucking shots smooth and in focus.
When you purchase your tri-pod you should find sticks that have sturdy legs, not too thin
or too long. Bogun tri-pods are the standard in the industry so if I were to recommend a
brand, Bogun gets my vote.
Before we move on from the discussion of cameras and shooting I need to talk about
composition in the frame. You know how “film people” walk around with their hands up
liking they are framing things, it’s so annoying when they do that. However, that is how
we see things, in the frame. Where are you placing he objects and the people in your
frame? Is it a boring or compelling composition?
Something that all beginning photographers learn is about the rule of thirds. This is
where you place the subject on the third of the frame as opposed to constantly centering
the subject in the middle of the frame. You also need to get a sense of what is proper
“head room” in a frame. You can create intimacy or tension and alienation in how you
compose the shot. Practice looking at art and film to see how the artist places the subject
in the frame.
Turn Up the Volume
I am not into doing sound. I am a Camera Person and find the whole sound mixing
process to be a big mystery. I know enough to get the initial capture but if I were to
make my own film I would find someone to perform this function for me. What you
need is a sound person otherwise known as an audiophile. This person will hold a boom
for hours of dialog and will know the channel on the board during the final mix.
Advertise on Craig’s list or in the local Entertainment paper. I would find this person and
get a commitment early on in the Pre-production phase but you will need them right until
you are through Post-production as well. Needless to say when hiring for any position
for a production, make sure you check references. You will want to hire someone that
has a proven history of finishing projects.
Every camera that you will shoot with will have a mic that comes with the camera and
while it might work in a pinch, it simply does not supply adequate sound. You will need
a way of recording that is in sync with your image. In order to do this you will need a
DAT (Digital Audio Tape) recorder and a good selection of mics.
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While I have a hard time with the mechanics as a whole, I appreciate good sound when I
experience it. You will want good sound on your film so there are some basic things you
will need to know. These are the types of microphones available to you.
Any or all of these are good for you to have in your sound kit.
Omni Directional Microphone
Omni Mics record sound from the front, back, and sides of the mic, in other words, 360ยบ
around the mic. These are good if you want to record your talent delivering lines and get
the ambient sounds on the backside of the mic. In the most perfect of situations the
background sound and dialog will be recorded on separate tracks.
Once you bring them back to the studio for the final mix you will be able to adjust the
ambient sound track slightly lower and the dialog track a bit higher. This will make it so
the dialog is heard clearly while having the ambient sound is there as well.
Directional Microphone
This is pretty much self-explanitory. A directional mic records specifically in one
direction and that is the direction of the speaker. These are used for reporting or
interviewing and can be hand held or clip-on.
Shotgun Microphone
A Shotgun mic or a gun mic, is a microphone that picks up sound from a distance. While
these are great if you are a private detective and want to get private conversations, but
they are especially effective on the end of a boom used in production.
Lavalier or Lapel Microphones
This is a mic that is clipped onto a shirt lapel or collar and is usually an Omni
directional mic. This mic is good for interviews and commentary reporting but beyond
that they are limiting because the rustle of clothing interferes with a clean recording
If you are actually recording dialog you will probably do one of two things. You will do
voice over recording in the studio or you will use a live mic. Recording live would
require the use of a directional mic on the end of a boom. If it is on location outside you
may need to use a shotgun mic on a boom with a windshield (made of furry or foam
material) that fits over the mic to block out the interference of wind blowing on the mic.
Once again, a school equipment loan program is going to have most of these items so you
can use this resource if it is available to you. Otherwise it will be a good idea for you to
purchase some or all of the equipment I have mentioned here.
I just want to have a word about holding a boom during shooting. It is harder than it
sounds. You have to have strong arms and concentration. You will have to roll the boom
back an forth at times to pick up cross dialog. Make sure you feed the Boom Operator
and keep them happy. It is a valuable job and is very tedious. I know because I have
done it.
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It would be a very bland movie if there were no sound effects or soundtrack in the film.
When I lived in Venice, California I had a neighbor that was a horror movie soundtrack
composer. That man had the spookiest and weirdest sounds coming out of his house. He
did the soundtrack for the Howling…. the original one, not any of the sequels.
He had a sound studio in his home that he worked out of and I didn’t hear much of what
he did for the most part. Every now and then there would be a scream or a crash and I
knew he was doing his thing.
Another sound element you may want to consider is Foley work. Foley work is done in
the studio to produce sound effects that will enhance the scene. A squeaking door, the
squelching sound of wet shoes walking through the mud, tinkling glasses and silverware
in a restaurant, and the sound of a fist hitting flesh, these are all sounds that could be
produced in a Foley environment.
For this type of sound to make an impact in the film it has to be a bit larger than life.
These Foley sounds will be recorded on a track that will be laid down with the other
tracks. Then you can fade it in or out as you see the need in the scene. It might be a
good idea to keep a Foley library of sounds to use, just as you have an image library to
use.
If you are going to have a soundtrack, and you will want one, I encourage you to use all
original scores and lyrics. You don’t want to enter into any copyright battles. This is
where networking comes into play. Find a music student that is looking for a project.
Once again, I have to say, try Craig’s List.
One last item that you will need to aquire for the shoot is some sort of remote 2-way
radio. Nextel offers a good product so you can consider them. There may be some other
company that offers a similar service for a better price so look around but do get a 2-way
radio, actually get as many as you feel you need for your crew.
A Little Light on the Subject
Lighting is always a key issue. While it is not hard to learn, you must learn to see
lighting issues right away. Lighting for film was always very tricky and in film it is
absolutely necessary to use a light meter. With film there is a question of the color of the
light as well. With video, the problems with shadow, glare, and color temperature,
become much easier to deal with. I do not want to throw you off trying actual film, when
film is lit and shot properly it is heaven, but in the beginning it will be more realistic to
use a digital video camera.
While you may have areas that don’t have enough light, it is also a problem to have areas
with too much light. These areas are termed “hot” and some sort of diffusion material is
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used to take the glare off the subject. These are the major lighting problems you will be
dealing with.
It will make your life a lot easier if you have a monitor set up on the scene location. You
should have a fairly good one that gives you a true representation of what you are taping.
While shooting in film you needed a Light Meter and a Color Temperature Meter, in
digital recording you can use the monitor to tell you what you need to know. You will
see the areas that have lighting problems that need to be fixed.
By looking at the monitor you can see problems of light and dark and fix them easily.
The other lighting issue that exists is the color of the light in your picture. Different types
of lighting will have different colors.
Household Tungsten lights have a yellow glow. If you want that yellow color in the
picture that is fine, but if not, you can color correct with digital filters during the edit
process.
Fluorescent lighting can be a real disaster depending on how bright it is and how close
it is on the subject. Fluorescent lighting throws off a greenish cast and can be very
unflattering to the subject. The whole pea soup complexion thing tends to really make the
talent look bad. I hate fluorescent lighting…. just turn them off.
Outdoor Sunlit lighting will sometimes be a problem but refer to your monitor. Outside
daylight gives off a blue cast. This will be especially evident when shooting into the
shade. If there is any grass or foliage in the picture the blue cast will be very strong.
Halogen lights are reputed to have a pink glow to them. Halogen lighting is not as
prevalent but might come into play during outdoor night shooting as Halogen is used for
night outdoor lighting.
Lighting will be used as a signifier to what time of day it is. We will know if the sun is
setting or if it is raining outside by the lighting. Be aware of the conditions in the actual
story that will demand certain types of lighting. A flashlight in the dark or headlights
will telegraph things about to happen. You will be able to create tension and suspense
with your lighting. You will also be able to transmit a romantic atmosphere or an office
or working environment all by how you light the scene.
It should be determined what lighting is needed for a shot(s), and then accomplish that
lighting set up for the duration of shooting in order for the lighting quality of the film to
be consistent. This means that it is important to make note of the color of the light when
you begin the shoot and to keep everything consistent through the shooting of your piece
This will keep you from having to fix inconsistencies in post-production, which is
sometimes impossible to prevent, but if you are really good that won’t happen. Have I
mentioned how important Pre-production is? You will find as you make a few short
films that, it is important to keep things like lighting and the lighting color temperature
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marked down in your production notes. It will be a real pain if you are editing and you
have lighting color that jumps from edit to edit. It will be a glaring mistake of continuity
in your film.
If there is an over all problem with the color of the light in your production, then your
digital software may have color correction filters and that can be taken care of at the time
of post production editing. Previously, when shooting with film, filters had to be used
over the lens at the time of shooting and it was much harder to accomplish what we now
achieve with digital editing.
Three Point Lighting
Three-point lighting is the standard lighting setup and is used in all film and television
production. It is always better to have good natural lighting, but if you do not have good
natural light available then this is where you start.
Three-point lighting consists of the following:
Key Light
Your key light is the main light shining on your subject. Be careful not to have it too
close to the subject as it may create hot areas and glare.
Fill Light
Your Key light usually creates a harsh light that makes a distinct shadow. The best way
to get rid of that shadow is to use your Fill light.
Kicker Light
The Kicker light is used behind the subject to fill in the shadows there. Using the kicker
light can give the subject dimension.
When purchasing supplies for your light kit, these are the main lights you will need.
You will also need a way to use diffusion material. Look at the lighting outside with
your screen door open. Do you see how bright and vivid it is? Then shut the screen and
look at how the lighting is naturally diffused and it becomes darker. This is what you are
doing when you are using lighting diffusers in a scene.
There are a number of ways to achieve this, and in most light kits it is useful to have a
gauzy material like, cheesecloth, muslin, or a material that is white and gauzy to shine the
light through. You will achieve this by using binder clips and makeshift scrim stands.
(Scrim is another word for diffuser.) I have used old 3-legged music stands and binder
clips to create a scrim stand for the light to pass through.
Shooting in natural lighting is always good but presents difficulties of its own. From
11:00AM to 3:00PM in the afternoon, the sun will create harsh shadows under the eyes
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and nose of the subject. This can be remedied by using a fill light under the subjects face.
This will correct the problem
The best natural lighting is the lighting that comes at the end of the day, a couple of hours
before sunset. This lighting will be a golden caramel colored glow, that give everything a
halo. This light will fall directly on the subject’s face so this is a perfect angle for the sun
to be in for shooting.
Sunset lighting is really good for portraying moments of sentimentality or romance. I
have to warn you her though, shoot fast because once the sun starts to set there isn’t much
time to get your shots finished so you have to have everything ready in anticipation of the
sunset lighting.
Lighting is one of those situations in filming where you have to come up with creative
ideas of how to solve your problems. Taking a trip to the hardware store will sometimes
help you to fix your lighting problems. Lighting is something you have to practice. If
you arrive the day of the shoot and expect to just have it all down, you are in for an
unpleasant surprise. You must work with your lights first and take test shots.
**It is crucial that you check the electrical requirements for your lights. Lights take
an incredible amount of so make sure you won’t be shorting out the system an the
entire block as well. Check with an electrician about this. REMEMBER! These
lights are hot. Protect yourself and others. You may have an occasional bulb pop
and spray glass everywhere. This seldom happens, but be cautious.
You must do everything that you can to be safe. There are going to be cords
everywhere on the ground or floor during the shoot. You will have people running
everywhere so secure down all your cords firmly and make people aware of where
they are located.
You can use gaffer’s tape on the electrical cords to keep them in place. Gaffer’s
tape is more expensive and doesn’t leave marks on walls on floors. You can use duct
tape in a pinch but gaffer’s tape is best.
Prior to your first day of shooting you need to gather all of your talent and crew together
and do a run through of a few scenes. This is called blocking the scene. Have each actor
stand at his or her marks and read their parts and get sound levels on them, also test your
lighting and see how it looks on the monitor. You will want to make this a full dress
rehearsal if you need to see wardrobe and make-up for a final check.
This is the time to determine what works and what doesn’t, not the day of the shoot.
Make any adjustments that are needed and make note of where your settings are set at
this time. These are to be your settings for the duration of the production. It is very
important to do this in order to maintain continuity and believability of your film.
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Later when you have a few films behind your belt you can mess around with the
placement of the lights and the volume control, but when you are still new at this it is best
to establish your settings and keep them consistent throughout the rest of the film.
In most cases on film production the Scrip Supervisor is the person that is responsible for
maintaining the continuity from scene to scene in your film. This position makes sure
that the lighting is the same, all the furniture in a room is in the same place, the actors
have the same clothing, and make-up, and say the same lines.
It is important that you arrange all your shot sheets so that you shoot economically. If
you are going to be in the farmhouse one day shooting then you have shoot all scenes that
are in your script for the farmhouse. You don’t need to shoot each scene in sequence,
that will have you running all over town. Shoot all scenes at location by location.
If you are making your film yourself without the benefit of backing then you will have to
do your own continuity supervision. Maintaining continuity is important if you want
your film to look professional.
Once it gets down to the shoot it becomes all about the actors and the director. Both are
commited to the telling of the story. Any given film is as much about the actors and
director as much as it is the story on paper.
There has to almost be a chemistry between the actors and director. A director needs to
be all things to the actors, friend, mother/father, counselor, priest, or nurse. You name it,
you gotta be it. The one constant is the actor’s need to be able to trust the director.
A director has to be a “Big Picture kinda person. Reining in all the elements of a film is
like conducting an orchestra, everything needs to blend together to make the film.
Solving problems on a daily basis is the norm so problem solving skills are very
necessary.
It has been said that you can tell how good a film is by watching it with the sound off. If
you can follow the film easily by watching without the sound then the director has done
his or her job. This clearly illustrates that film is not driven by the dialog itself, it is the
action that drives the film.
When It’s In the Can, It’s a Wrap
So the production is done and your last pick-up shots are in the can. Now you can begin
the edit. So you gather up your footage, your sound and anything else that needs to
added in the edit and get ready to hunker down until it is all finally edited. Maybe it’s
time for more caffeine and a shower, time for sleep later.
Now you get to go through hours of footage to construct your edit. You will now begin
the tedious job of going through footage to put together your edited material. Mark your
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in and out points on your edit sheet with a description of the cut. Your in and out points
will be the time codes that the edit points are at. The codes will be marked in hours,
minutes, seconds, and 10th’s of seconds. It will look like this 01:15:03:20.
Now that you have your edit on paper, it is time to sit down with all of your elements and
go to the edit. You may do this all on your own and you may have someone edit it while
you direct the edit. Either way, this is the most fun a person can have. The edit means
you are near being done.
I found editing to be wonderful and I got so into it that I lost all notion of time. I went in
for a couple of hours and ended up staying to do the edit for 8 hours. I don’t even think I
had anything to eat. I came out of the edit bay feeling like I had been drinking coffee all
day, well actually I had, but I was so energized. It is great to see the story that you have
been working on for the last year, come together in a few evenings of editing.
Once you have put together all your cuts you can lay down you music and soundtracks
you will be ready to do your credits. The credits are very important to the little people
that worked on your film… probably for beer and pizza. This is there proof that they
have worked on the film and it is like their resume for other paying gigs, so make sure
you spell everybody’s name right. Once these are done, you have finished and you are
ready to promote you film and find someone that will pick up your film in distribution.
Now it is time for the Wrap party. If you don’t have the money to put on a big bash for
your cast and crew get your Mama to cook and put the drinks on your credit card because
these folks deserve a good time.
Time to Toot Your Horn
If you haven’t been talking about your film to people, now is the time to start. Now is the
time to get a logo designed and make a website to promote your film. There are at least a
couple websites that help you to build free websites. It does take a few days of work to
make the website but it is actually quite fun. You learn a great deal by making your own
site.
Once the site is made find someone to host it, Yahoo and Google are good. Start a blog
about the film and publish it on your website. Offer promotional items for sale with your
logo on them from the website. Cross promote other artists on your website. Use some
of your production shots for the site.
After you have built your own site make a Myspace page. Then go shopping for friends
and gather a fan base in Myspace. Many musicians and other artists have used Myspace
to promote themselves and it has been quite an asset to building an audience for artists in
music and film. I have a couple of musicians that send me clips of their music regularly.
It is interesting to see how the musicians have built their “friend” list and kept everyone
abreast of their new music when it happens.
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Of course there is always the idea of putting clips of your film on YouTube. Get your
fans and friends from Myspace to download them. You can even put your YouTube on
your Myspace page. It would be good to cross-reference your website and Myspace
page, one linking to the other.
Make eye-catching flyers to post in community centers and bulletin boards. If you go to
college or know anyone that goes to college, post your film flyers on the community
bulletin board. Find someplace in school to show your film to students. Every student
wants to do something on a Friday night and has no money to got out. Free is better that
cheap I always say! Let them see your film for free.
Get a couple of other Indy filmmakers and show your films together. Have your own
mini Film Festival at your house, or at school, or anywhere you can get a group of people
together. Get Mom to do that cooking thing again that she does so well. This endeavor
will only be successful if you badger people into coming. Make them promise that they
will show. Give out free promotional items with the Film logo on them like hats, t-shirts,
and coffee cups.
I guess we didn’t talk about naming the film, yet, did we. Think carefully on what is
going to be catchy and make a good logo. Wild, controversial titles are things that people
want to see on things like t-shirts and baseball caps. For instance, you decided to a space
version of the Wizard of Oz and we’ll call it …. “Space Monkeys”. Well that’s a catchy
name, weird but catchy and it will look great on a t-shirt. Whatever you do come up with
a name that the public can grab on to.
All of these promotional ideas mentioned up until now are free or darned cheap. Perhaps
you can use some of the proceeds of selling your hats and t-shirts to fund some of the
ways you promote your film. There will be costs so it is a good idea to let the film pay
for itself.
Finally, you should have a Media or Press Kit made up for the public. A Press kit
contains a letter of introduction, info on the film, photos, a disk with a sample trailor, and
perhaps a few of those promotional t-shirts and hats you had made up. Once that is done
it is time to find a publicist. If someone buys the option for your film you will really
have the need for a publicist.
One of the most effective ways to market your film is to enter it into a film festival. One
of the things your have in your favor is that Independent films have made it big in the last
15-20 years. The Hollywood formula for filmmaking became predictable and boring and
with the expansion of television the film viewing audiences became much more
sophisticated than they were before. You can’t pull anything over on us.
Indy film has become the driving force in the industry and that has been good news for
the small Indy filmmaker. Film festivals all over the country show Independent films,
and this has become a standard in the industry. Sundance Film Festival was started to
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showcase otherwise unknown filmmakers. Now there are film festivals in every state and
cities, large and small.
This doesn’t mean that these festivals are easy to get into. Be prepared for a certain
amount of rejection letters. The most important and well known film festivals to get into
are the Toronto, Tribeca, and Sundance festivals. However there are hundreds of other
smaller film festivals that you can get into.
I just Googled film festivals and got 19,900,000 hits in .07 seconds. You have more than
enough to pick from. So what Sundance sent you a rejections letter, submit to another
festival. The trick will be getting past the rejection letters. One of the biggest reasons
rejection letters are given out is that there were too many films submitted. If the film
reviewing committee gets 1,000 submissions and can only take 100 films that is a lot of
rejections they have to send out.
Once you go to the festival website and download the application there will be listed the
dates of submission. The best way to avoid rejection is to make sure that your film is
submitted the first day into accepting films. Some films that are perfectly good
entertainment never get seen because there were just too many submitted and they ran out
of time to view them all. Get your film and application in as soon as possible.
Film Festivals usually have a entrance fee and when I checked I found them all to be
reasonable, between $25 and $50. Still, that can add up as you send out applications.
Perhaps some of the money made off of selling promotional items will help pay the fees.
After you fill out your first application form and send in your first film, you will get the
application process down.
Another thing to remember, which is quite obvious, is that your film may not be
appropriate for some festivals. You would now enter a steamy thriller with sex scenes,
into a Young Adult Film Festival. I am sure the young adults would love it but the adults
in charge will reject it with a thud. So submit where it is appropriate.
Since I have suggested you start out with a short film as you first attempt at filmmaking, I
have to caution you about the length of your film. Find out the maximum length of films
or short films. Then your entry is too long if at all possible trim your film. Films are
frequently rejected for coming in over the time limit. Make sure you read all the
requirements before submitting your film for consideration.
An interesting phenomenon is film festivals borne of films that have been rejected. The
Sundance Film Festival is held in Park City, Utah. The same weekend the Slam Dance
Film Festival is held and it shows films that were rejected by Sundance. The Slamdance
is in its 13th year and it has expanded to a festival in New York.
Sundance, although it still owes its success to Indy film, has become quite commercial
and takes entries that are considered the best. Slamdance came along at a time when
there was a need for an alternative to Sundance. Festival creators tout Slamdance as “by
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filmmakers, for filmmakers”. Films that were passed on by Sundance and picked up by
Slamdance are, Memento, Monster’s Ball, Napoleon Dynamite, The Woodsman, and
Maria Full of Grace.
The 2008 Slamdance festival is being held from January 17th to January 25 in Park City
Utah. For any readers interested in entering Slamdance the early deadline for the 2008
festival is August 27th. The deadline for the teleplay competition is August 20th, 2007. I
encourage you to check out their website.
There are many other festivals for you to check out. I encourage you to attend festivals in
as a film enthusiast first and then later as a competing filmmaker. I can’t think of a better
way to spend an afternoon. Chris Gore wrote a book titled “The Ultimate Film Festival
Survival Guide”. It has information that would be useful in what to do when submitting a
film for approval into a festival.
The largest film festival in the country is the Seattle International Film Festival. They
show over 300 films and short films in a month’s time in May and June. Offered at SIFF
are an excellent group of filmmaker forums. A few of the offerings this year were:
“Encoding Your Film For Internet Streaming”, “The Producer School Series”(Parts 1 &
2), “Introduction to Motion”, and “Advanced Techniques in Final Cut Pro”. I have
attended these forums and they are invaluable to filmmakers.
One of the functions at SIFF is “Fly Filmmaking”. Fly Filmmaking is a competition for
filmmakers, that takes place 3 to 4 weeks before the festival. The completed films
(usually 3) are shown during the festival and at the end of the festival the judges pick the
winner.
Guerilla Filmmaking has many similarities to Fly Filmmaking except that Guerilla
Filmmaking is a bit more aggressive and the budget is leaner (if that is possible). This
year (2007) the filmmakers were given 5 days to shoot and 5 days to edit a 10 minute
film. These are incredibly difficult conditions to film under and the results are amazing.
Fly Filmmaking was started a little over 10 years ago and since then many other venues
have “borrowed” its format for their own Film contests. Seattle has the corner on this
market though, they are the creators of Fly Filmmaking. They really produce amazing
results with a handful of crew, actors and a camera.
It seems to me as a new filmmaker this formula might work for you. It will show you
how to work with deadlines and how to work on a shoestring budget. No doubt you
know all about tight budgets and can excel at this but working on this sort of deadline
will force you to be resourceful, and after all Indy film is all about being resourceful.
Of course you won’t have help that SIFF gives their Fly Filmmakers but this will teach
you many things. You will be able to see your mistakes and correct them in future film
ventures. I see this working for the beginning filmmaker as a learning tool so this may be
Film Making
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a perfect way to challenge yourself in order to learn the process before you are working
on a film that really matters to you.
Film school is a perfect place for you to start any plan to be a filmmaker. You have
endless opportunities to work with other artists, and have the availability of the
equipment loan programs. This will give you all the “stuff” you need to make your films.
It will also put you in a situation where you have others to give you feedback on your
work. This is a very necessary part of the process.
Everyone wants to attend USC, UCLA, Columbia University, or NYU, but sometimes
that is not possible. That does not mean that there aren’t other film schools out there. In
the end it is the body of work that you have achieved that commends you to the position
of filmmaker. What have you done? What is your experience? If you don’t have any
experience you may need to work on other people’s films for a while and gather up some
experience to put on your resume.
To make the claim that you are a filmmaker says many things. It says that you have a
great deal of energy and you are good at enlisting people to work with you on the
development of your vision. These people trust that you are going to direct them so that
they produce a masterpiece. Okay, maybe not a masterpiece but defiantly something
noteworthy.
My very last piece of advice is this. Get another job in something that you are good at
and that makes decent money. Filmmaking will not make you money overnight. You
will need to pay bills and at times you may need to finance your films so get used to
working 2 jobs. Also learn to sleep less and love caffeine. It won’t matter once you
catch the fever of being the middle of a production. Good luck and happy filmmaking.
*source from http://www.master-resale-rights.com
